BMAT考试是申请牛剑G5医学、生物医学类专业的必考笔试。之前我们已经对这门考试的基本信息做了科普(点击这里查看),那么这门考试具体有哪些题型呢?下文我们就为大家解读BMAT考试所有题型和重点难点。今年的申请季已经开启,想要申请医学类专业的同学要认真阅读哦。
一、BMAT考试 解决问题之技能类题型
BMAT是剑桥大学、牛津大学、帝国理工学院、UCL等英国知名大学医学相关专业的入学考试。
BMAT考试分为三个部分。持续时间为2个小时。第一部分评估的是解决问题的技能。
这一部分多样的问题旨在考察申请者的批判性思维、问题解决能力、逻辑思考能力等。
BMAT第一一部分问题分为三种不同的类型,如下:
选择相关信息题:这类问题指考题中蕴含大量有关问题信息,考生需要在短时间内找出重点并解题。
认识类似情况题:这类问题考研的是考生的空间推理能力,在那里需要将获得的信息以不同方式呈现。
应用过程题:这类问题需要考生找到相应方法来解决题目中提出的问题。
二、BMAT考试 理论论证技能类题型
这些类型的问题将会测试批判性思维技能,覆盖了数学、物理、化学、生物知识,题目难易不均,比ALEVEL要难,有时候一道题花上5分钟也是有可能的。这时候时间分配就很重要了。
在BMAT第二部分部分的考核中,考生将获得一段文本,并且需要识别,评估或得出结论。这些类型的问题旨在测试您评估论证的能力。考生会被要求:
● 确定原因,假设和结论
● 评估解释或识别论证中的缺陷
● 从短文中得出结论
此部分是考察的难点,论证能力将在BMAT中发挥很大作用,不仅对第一部分有帮助,也在第三章节中应用论证方法来撰写论文。
让我们来看一下评估论点的这道例题——
Journalist: In physics journals, the number of articlesreporting the results of experiments involving particle accelerators was lowerlast year than it had been in previous years. Several of the particleaccelerators at major research institutions were out of service the year beforelast for repairs, so it is likely that the low number of articles was due tothe decline in the availability of particle accelerators.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously underminesthe journalist's argument?
(A) Every article based on experiments with particleaccelerators that was submitted for publication last year actually waspublished.
(B) The average time scientists must wait for access to aparticle accelerator has declined over the last several years.
(C) The number of physics journals was the same last yearas in previous years.
(D) Particle accelerators can be used for more than onegroup of experiments in any given year.
(E) Recent changes in the editorial policies of severalphysics journals have decreased the likelihood that articles concerningparticle-accelerator research will be accepted for publication
如果我们需要削弱一个论点,我们首先必须找到论据(Premises)和结论(Conclusion)之间的逻辑缺陷。
Premises:
- the number of articles was lower lastyear 去年发表的文章数量减少
- several particle accelerators were outof service 几台量子加速器坏了
Conclusion:
- fewer articles = due to decline inactivity of particle accelerators 量子加速器的减少导致了文章发表的减少
LogicalGaps:
- does the number of articles directlycorrelate to the number of experiments? Or might there be some other factorinfluencing what these journals want to publish? Quality of experiments,general interest, the state of the publishing industry, etc. 文章数量与实验的数量有关还是其他因素影响了文章的发表?比方说实验质量,杂志的兴趣,出版行业的状况等等
- does the number of acceleratorsdirectly influence the number of experiments conducted? Or could there havebeen more total experiments performed, even if a few accelerators were out ofservice? 文章数量与量子加速器的数量有关还是其他因素影响了文章的发表?
总的来说,我们需要一条新的信息来破坏短文中提及的假设。
numberof accelerators --> number of experiments --> number of articles.
我们来看A选项 Every article based on experiments with particle accelerators that wassubmitted for publication last year actually was published.
A选项在文章数量和实验数量之间建立了直接联系,这实际上会加强原文的论点。
常见问题观点1: says one reasonthat cause low number of articles, so I think (A) can weaken the argument
但这并没有给我们一个与记者不同的解释,因为它是同一因果链的延伸:number of accelerators --> number of experiments --> number ofarticles 这与我们正在寻找的相反。
B选项 The average time scientists must wait for access to a particleaccelerator has declined over the last several years.
常见问题观点2:says the waitingtime decline, seems more chance to get accelerators, so I think it weakens theargument.
仅仅因为等待时间下降,这并不说明给定的前提是有几个加速器不可用。我们必须将我们的premises认为是真实有效的。我们不能通过与premises相矛盾而认定他削弱论点,反而是需要通过揭示premises与结论之间的有缺陷的联系。
对于B选项而言,目前我们还不清楚这会如何影响这一论点。我们正在寻找文章数量少和加速器之间的关系。科学家是否不得不等待,不一定会影响文章是否发布。
C选项The number of physicsjournals was the same last year as in previous years.
我们没有直接的理由相信期刊的数量会直接影响关于这些加速器的文章数量。而且由于这是一个“无变化”的答案,所以不会削弱,如果有的话更多是加强。
D选项Particle acceleratorscan be used for more than one group of experiments in any given year.
常见问题观点3:D) says theaccelerators can be used multi-experiments, that weaken the "declineavailability", so I think (D) can weaken the argument as well.
这个选项并没有削弱“可用性下降”。即使我们可以将它们用于多个实验,但是加速器服务中断仍然意味着整体上可操作的实验数量变得更少,导致文章更少。但也可能意味着更多的实验。这与文章的含义没有直接联系。
选项E Recent changes in theeditorial policies of several physics journals have decreased the likelihoodthat articles concerning particle-accelerator research will be accepted forpublication
这个选项很不错,给了我们一个外部因素,完全破坏了文章数量与实验数量之间的联系。如果期刊不太可能发表这些文章,那么活动是否有所下降就变得并不重要了。
三、BMAT考试 数据分析和推理类题型
这部分能通过不同的方式进行测试,其中考察的部分可以包括文本,统计或图表形式的问题。这些问题用来考验解决问题的能力,得出结论的能力以及评估问题的批判性阅读等技能。
此部分也是难点,主要在于如何获取重点信息并用快捷合适的方式处理,请大家看下面这个例子,
The table below showsthe results of a survey into salt intake as estimated by measuring urinarysodium levels. The results are expressed cumulatively. The recommended maximumdaily intake of salt is 6 grams.
Calculate (byinterpolation) the median salt intake for women in the survey (the median isthe amount taken by 50% or less of those in the survey). Express your result tothe nearest 0.1g.
A 7.1
B 7.2
C 7.3
D 7.10
E 7.6
四、BMAT考试定量技能类题型
这类型的问题分散在第1部分和第2部分,考生需要使用算术运算以及应用关键数学概念来解决问题。
五、BMAT考试写作和沟通技巧类题型
衡量考生选择,发展和组织思想的能力,并以书面形式用简洁和有效的方式进行沟通。在最后一部分,你将从三个问题中选择一个写作任务。
大家请看2009年S3第三题——
It is an obscenity thatrich people can buy better medical treatment than poor.
What is the argumentbehind this statement? What assumptions does it make? Give an argument for whyrich people should be able to buy better medical treatment than poor.
要答好这题需要在内容上脱颖而出,最好加入bioethical和NHS Privitization的理解。
看完了题型分类与难题解读,如果想了解更多BMAT考试复习咨询与相关课程,扫码添加橡沐小助手,了解过更多干货信息。
进入9月,想BMAT考试这样的各类牛剑前置笔试也要进入复习冲刺阶段啦。如果独自复习觉得真题资料太少、效率太低,欢迎搭乘橡沐的牛剑笔试直通车!点击预约试听,解决真题解析、押题模考等复习需求——
其他牛剑笔试复习信息点击ENGAA考试改版了解。