晦涩难懂的IB心理学专业术语汇总 这部分的术语可不是人人都能理解的

在IB心理学中，有一些生物学中的内容，这部分的知识点很多同学都感觉比较晦涩难懂，下面就想来给同学们讲讲那些IB心理学专业术语，提前了解才能更好的预习哦！

IB心理学专业术语

理解人类行为的生物学方法：通过研究人类的认知和行为如何受到生物学因素的影响来尝试理解它们。

Technological techniques (used to study the brain): A range of new technologicaltechniques used to study the relationships between the brain and behavior, e.g. fMRI / MRI / PET / EEG (You should be able to summarize how at least one of these work, e.g. fMRI is a brain imaging technique that uses magnetic fields to measure brain activity.

技术技术（用于研究大脑）：用于研究大脑与行为之间关系的一系列新技术，例如fMRI / MRI / PET / EEG（相信大家能总结出至少其中一种是如何工作的，例如，fMRI是一种大脑成像技术，它使用磁场来测量大脑活动。

Localization (of brain function): The term used to describe how different parts of the brain perform different functions.

（大脑功能的）定位：该术语用于描述大脑的不同部分如何执行不同的功能。

Neuroplasticity: The brain’s ability to change as a result of experience.

神经可塑性：根据经验，大脑的变化能力。

Neurotransmitter: A chemical messenger that sends messages along neural pathways. A variety of these have been identified and associated with different behaviours.

神经递质：一种化学信使，可以沿着神经途径发送信息。已经确定了其中的各种，并与不同的行为相关联。

Neurotransmission: The process of neurons sending signals to each other – they send signals and communicate with one another through neurotransmitters.

神经传递：神经元彼此发送信号的过程-它们发送信号并通过神经递质彼此通信。

Hormone: A chemical messenger that is transported through the bloodstream. These messengers affect physiological processes and behaviour.

激素：通过血液运输的化学信使。这些信使会影响生理过程和行为。

Pheromone: A chemical messenger that is sent from one animal and it has an effect on a different animal.

信息素：一种从动物身上发出的化学信使，它对另一只动物有影响。

Gene: A sequence of DNA. They have an effect on behaviour through gene expression – the sending of signals from the gene to outside the cell.

基因：DNA序列。它们通过基因表达对行为产生影响-从基因向细胞外部发送信号。

Genetic similarities: The use of people with similar genes in research, e.g. identical (monozygotic) and fraternal (dizygotic) twins. These are used as variables in studies on the relative effect of genes on behaviour (e.g. heritability).

遗传相似性：在研究中使用具有相似基因的人，例如同卵（单卵）和异卵（双卵）。这些在研究基因对行为（例如遗传性）的相对影响时用作变量。

Twin study: A twin study uses MZ and DZ twins and compares their behaviour in order to measure heritability.

孪生研究：孪生研究使用MZ和DZ孪生并比较其行为以测量遗传力。

Evolutionary explanation of behavior: Explaining how a behaviour helps an individual to pass on their genes by helping them to survive, procreate and/or produce healthy offspring (children).

行为的进化解释：解释行为如何通过帮助个体生存，繁殖和/或繁殖健康的后代（儿童）来帮助个体遗传。

Animal model (HL): The use of animals in research to understand how biological factors affect behaviour. (The term can refer to the specific animals themselves, but can also refer to the general explanation of biology and behaviour that is gained from the animal experiment/s.)

动物模型（HL）：在研究中使用动物来了解生物学因素如何影响行为。（该术语可以指特定动物本身，但也可以指从动物实验中获得的生物学和行为的一般解释。）

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