Alevel物理矢量和标量讲解 这两个概念不要傻傻分不清楚

Alevel物理是一门比较重要的科目，他的A星率也非常高，尤其是一些理工科的同学这门科目更是必选。今天给大家讲讲在Alevel物理中两个容易弄混淆的概念，矢量和标量。赶紧来看看今天的Alevel物理矢量和标量讲解吧！

Alevel物理矢量和标量讲解

Physical quantities (anything that can be measured/calculated in physics) can be classified under two main headings. Vectors and Scalars

物理量(物理上可测量或计算的任何东西)可分为两个主要标题。向量和Scalars。

Definitions of Vectors and Scalars向量与Scalars的定义

A vector quantity is any quantity that has both magnitude (size) and direction. Examples of vectors are velocity, acceleration, force, momentum.

矢量是具有大小(大小)和方向的任意数量。矢量的例子是速度、加速度、力、动量。

A scalar quantity is any quantity that has magnitude only. Direction is not taken into account with scalar quantities. Examples of scalars are speed, pressure, temperature, energy.

标量是只有量的任何量。方向不考虑标量。标量的例子是速度、压力、温度、能量。

Vectors are represented by arrows. The length of the arrow giving an indication of the magnitude of the vector, the direction of the arrow indicating the vector's direction.

向量用箭头表示。表示矢量大小的箭头的长度，表示矢量方向的箭头的方向。

Addition of Vectors: Finding the Resultant

向量的相加：求结果

When we add two or more vectors, it is absolutely crucial to take the direction of the vectors into account. The process of adding two or more vectors is known as finding the RESULTANT of the vectors. The resultant of two or more vectors is the single vector that could replace those vectors and still have the same effect in terms of both magnitude and direction.

当我们添加两个或多个向量时，考虑向量的方向是绝对重要的。增加两个或多个向量的过程称为求向量的结果。两个或更多个向量的结果是单个向量，可以替换这些向量，并且在大小和方向方面仍然具有相同的效果。

When two or more vectors are acting in the same direction in the same straight line, the resultant vector is a vector in the same direction, with a magnitude equal to the sum of the magnitudes of the other vectors.

当两个或两个以上矢量在同一直线上沿同一方向作用时，所得矢量是沿同一方向的矢量，其幅值等于其他矢量的幅值之和。

Things are slightly more complicated when vectors are not in a straight line. For example, when vectors are perpendicular to each other.

当向量不是直线时，情况稍微复杂一些。例如，当向量彼此垂直时。

Perpendicular Vectors and Vector Triangles

垂直向量与向量三角形

When we are finding the resultant of two vectors acting perpendicular to each other, we can use Pythagoras' theorem and basic trigonometry to find the resultant vectors magnitude and direction.

当求出两个相互垂直的矢量的结果时，我们可以利用毕达哥拉斯定理和基本三角法来求出结果的矢量的大小和方向。

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