IGCSE数学怎样才能拿A 先从这道简单的例题入手

IGCSE数学是衔接IB和Alevel数学的重要课程，很多刚接触IGCSE数学的同学总会问IGCSE数学怎样才能拿A，其实同学们想拿A，除了日常对于专业词汇的积累，还能够要对每一道真题理解透彻。【IGCSE数学概率题 记住这些公式想不做对都难】下面给大家分享一道IGCSE数学Gotthard Base Tunne的真题，看看你会做吗？【IGCSE数学考试低于C会怎么样 可能没大学上】

The Gotthard Base Tunnel is an amazing success in engineering. Opened on 1st June 2016, it is the longest railway tunnel in the world. Nearly 100 miles of tunnels were drilled into the Swiss Alpine mountains to create a route between Erstfeld and Bodio. The length of each of the two parallel tunnels is 35 miles, with the remaining length used as safety and service tunnels. Each tunnel covers a length of 21 Golden Gate Bridges. 

The greatest diameter of each of the two single-track tubes is 9.58m. It is the product of 17 years of work, including cutting through solid rock at depths of up to 2250 m, making it the world’s deepest tunnel. By comparison, Japan’s Seikan Tunnel – the second deepest and longest – is only237m deep. Special drills were used to bore through more than 31 million tonnes of rock. 5 Great Giza pyramids’weight of rock had to be excavated. 4 million m3 of concrete was used in the construction, which is about the amount needed for 84 Empire State Buildings in New York. 

And almost 2000 miles – the distance from Madrid to Moscow – of copper cable was used. Its main purpose is to transport people and freight directly across the Alps, to reduce traffic accidents and environmental damage from large trucks on Alpine road systems. The new rail track is virtually flat and straight, so it will enable passenger trains to travel at up to 155 miles per hour, reducing the journey time between Zurich, Switzerland, and Milan, Italy, from four hours to two-and-a-half hours.2600 people were employed on the project which ended when a golden sleeper was placed at the end of the rail track. The total cost of the project was $12.5 billion.

Unless otherwise stated, give all answers correct to 3 significant figures.

▶ What year did construction work on the Gotthard Base Tunnel start?

▶ Estimate the cost per day of the project in dollars in standard form.

▶ Estimate the length of the Golden Gate Bridge in metres in standard form. (1 mile ≈ 1609.34m)

▶ Estimate the mass of rock of the Great Giza pyramid in kg in standard form. (1 tonne = 1000kg)

▶ The greatest depth of the Gotthard Base Tunnel is k × the greatest depth of Japan’s Seikan Tunnel. Find k as an exact fraction in its lowest possible terms.

▶ a Calculate the total volume of the two tunnels in m3 in standard form.

     b Compare this to the volume of a 10m × 10m × 2.5m classroom. (Volume of a cylinder, v = π r2h and 1 mile ≈ 1609.34m)

▶ If the speed of the air-flow ventilation system for each tunnel is 7m/s, calculate the rate of airflow in m3 /s in standard form.

▶ A train leaves Erstfeld at 08:00. For the first half of the journey, the train travels at its maximum speed. The final half is completed at half its maximum speed. Find the train’s arrival time at Bodio.

 ▶ The volume of the Great Giza pyramid is 2583200 m3 . Calculate the density of the pyramid in kg/m3 in standard form.

 ▶ If P m3 is the volume of concrete used per metre of construction of ALL the tunnels, and Q m the length of copper wire used per metre, find PQ in standard form.

重点词汇：

Calculate: 计算  Estimate: 估算 cost: 成本  length: 长度  mass：重量 depth：深度 volume:体积 cylinder: 圆柱 density: 密度  concrete:混泥土

这个题目覆盖了四舍五入、单位换算、体积计算、速度问题、密度问题以及基本的代数思维，你做对了吗？如果您对这个题目有任何的疑问，您都可以前来橡沐，橡沐的精英一定会为您仔细讲解。如果您有其他课程辅导的需求，您都可以前来橡沐，橡沐IGCSE课程班欢迎您。

橡沐至今成立9年了，辅导了5000+的学员，90%的学员成绩都能够快速的提升一个等级。如果您想进阶自己的学术成绩，在留学上变得有竞争力，橡沐一定是你独一无二的选择。